Sophie giscard d estaing biographie valéry

Sophie giscard d estaing biographie valéry en

His tenure was marked by a more liberal attitude on social issues—such as divorce, contraception and abortion—and by attempts to modernise the country and the office of the presidency, notably overseeing such far-reaching infrastructure projects as the TGV and the turn towards reliance on nuclear power as France's main energy source.

He promoted liberalisation of trade; however, his popularity suffered from the economic downturn that followed the energy crisismarking the end of the " Trente Glorieuses " the "Thirty Glorious Years" of prosperity after He imposed austerity budgets, and allowed unemployment to rise in order to avoid deficits.

Giscard d'Estaing in the centre faced political opposition from both sides of the spectrum: from the newly unified left under Mitterrand and a rising Jacques Chiracwho resurrected Gaullism on a right-wing opposition line.

Indespite a high approval rating, he was defeated in a runoff against Mitterrandwith As president, Giscard d'Estaing promoted cooperation among the European nations, especially in tandem with West Germany— ruled by the firstsecond and third cabinet under chancelor Helmut Schmidt SPD.

As a former president, he was a member of the Constitutional Council.

Sophie giscard d estaing biographie valéry